Olivier Messiaen: Quartet for the End of Time, Written in a POW Camp

On January 15, 1941, in the freezing barracks of Stalag VIII-A in Gorlitz, four prisoners played a 50-minute piece on a battered piano, a violin, a clarinet, and a cello bought with pocket change collected by fellow captives. This episode tells how Olivier Messiaen, made a medical auxiliary because of his poor eyesight and captured in June 1940, met clarinetist Henri Akoka, cellist Etienne Pasquier, and violinist Jean Le Boulaire, and received pencil and manuscript paper smuggled in by a German guard named Karl-Albert Brull.

The hosts explain how the title Quartet for the End of Time comes from Revelation chapter 10 and how Messiaen tried to suspend the listener’s sense of time using mismatched rhythmic cycles, additive rhythms, and birdsong. They walk through the crystal liturgy, the abyss of the birds, the dance of fury, the recycled duets praising eternity and immortality, the synesthetic colors he saw in the seventh movement, his release engineered by Brull and Marcel Dupre, and the 1956 recording that reunited him with Pasquier.

  • Why the unusual line-up of clarinet, violin, cello, and piano was an accident of necessity with precedents in Rabl and Hindemith
  • A 17-beat piano cycle against a 15-duration cello pattern, explained as mismatched gears that rarely realign
  • Additive rhythm described as a pebble slipped into your shoe for a single step
  • The 5,000-person audience myth versus the roughly 400 people who actually heard the premiere
  • Tangles of rainbows and blue-orange lava: how synesthesia became a visual exit from a gray camp

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