Sir Humphry Davy was a poet-chemist who breathed untested gases, threw laughing gas parties with Coleridge and Southey, and nearly killed himself with carbon monoxide. This episode follows him from an apothecary’s apprenticeship in Penzance to the Royal Institution in London, where his theatrical lectures turned chemistry into a public spectacle and drew unusually large female audiences.

We explain how Davy used the voltaic pile as a “molecular crowbar” to isolate potassium, sodium, calcium, and other elements. He also proved that chlorine contains no oxygen, which overturned Lavoisier’s theory of acids, and he burned a diamond to show that it is pure carbon. We then cover his unpatented safety lamp and its unintended consequences, the Royal Navy copper fiasco, and his bitter rivalry with his former assistant Michael Faraday.

• Davy’s nitrous oxide experiments and the anesthesia breakthrough the medical establishment overlooked
• How Romantic-era ideals shaped his habit of experimenting on his own body
• Electrolysis and the run of discoveries that isolated new elements and named chlorine
• How the Davy lamp’s wire mesh prevented firedamp explosions, and why mining deaths later rose anyway
• The cathodic protection failure on Navy hulls, his feud with Faraday, and his final years